Possible ancestral organism - choanoflagellates Fig 32.2
One hypothesis for origin of animals - Fig 32.3
Characteristics of animals
Traditional phylogeny of animals - Fig 32.4 - Animal phylogeny based on r-RNA sequencing - Fig 32.8
Comparison molecular VS body plans phylogenies Fig 32.12 Table of animal phyla - Table 33.7.
The Parazoa - no true tissues
Phylum Porifera: The Sponges - Fig 33.2 and Fig 33.3
The Eumetazoa - true tissues develop from germ layers
DIPLOBLASTIC (2 cell layers - Fig 40.7b) EUMETAZOA - THE RADIATA
Phylum Cnidaria: The Cnidarians - Fig 33.6 and Table 33.1
TRIPLOBLASTIC EUMETAZOA - THE BILATERIA
Body Plans of Triploblastic Bilaterally Symmetrical Animals - Fig 32.6
Phylum Platyhelminthes: The Flatworms - Table 33.2
Phylum Mollusca: The Mollusks Basic Body Plan - Coelomate animals - Fig 33.16 - Table 33.3 (snails, slugs - Fig 33.19); nudibranch, the movie! (bivalves - Fig 33.20; clams - internal anatomy - Coelomate animals - Fig 33.21) (octopuses, squids - Fig 33.22).
Phylum Annelida: The Annelids: Segmented worms -Fig 33.24 and Table 33.4 - earthworms - internal anatomy - Fig 33.23, leeches, polychaetes
Phylum Nematoda: Nematodes Fig 33.25a and roundworms. Fig 33.25b - parasitic Trichinella
Pseudocoelomate animals: a false coelom (body cavity)
Phylum Arthropoda (Jointed-foot animals)
- Table 33.5 - Crustaceans (Fig 33.35) like lobsters (external anatomy - Fig 33.26) Lobster mouthparts in action! crabs, shrimp. Trilobites (Fig 33.27). Horseshoe crabs (Fig 33.28). Arachnids like spiders (Fig 33.30 and Fig 33.30b), scorpions and internal mites (Fig 33.29). Millepedes (Fig 33.31a). Insects will be covered in the next lecture.
Phylum Echinodermata: (Fig 33.37) The echinoderms - starfish (Fig 33.38), sea cucumbers, sea urchins. Tube feet - the movie!
Phylum Chordata: non-vertebrate and vertebrate chordates. Covered in another lecture.