Kingdom Fungi

Characteristics of Fungi

All are eukaryotic; most are sessile (nonmotile)
Nearly all are multicellular

Nutrition

All are heterotrophic
      - parasitic
      - saprophytic
      - mutualistic symbionts
      - predators Fig 31.2d
Acquire nutrients by absorption
Glycogen

Structure - (Fig 31.1 and Fig 31.2)

chitin
hypha (-ae)
mycelium (-a)
haustoria

Reproduction - generalized life cycle Fig 31.3 - both sexual and asexual

Diversity of Fungi - Table 31.1 - Classified by method of sexual reproduction. Phylogeny - Fig 31.4

Phylum Chytridiomycota - Chytrids - Fig. 31.5
Phylum Zygomycota - Common mold (Fig 31.6) or zygote fungi (Fig 31.7)
Phylum Ascomycota - Sac or cup fungi - Fig 31.9 and Fig 31.10
Phylum Basidiomycota - Club fungi - Fig 31.11 and Fig 31.12

Ecological and Commercial Importance of Fungi

Lichens - Fig 31.16 and Fig 31.17
Decomposers - (image)
Mycorrhizae (Fig 31.18 ) - plants without and with mycorrhizae - Fig 31.19. Fungi colonized land with plants.
Fungi as spoilers - molds (Fig 31.14)
Pathogenic fungi affect plants (Fig 31.20bc) and animals (athlete's foot and ringworm)
Commercial uses of fungi, yeasts (Fig 31.15), Penicillium (Fig 31.21), other antibiotics