á
Discuss the length of time
bacteria were the dominant organisms living on earth.
á
Age of universe and solar
system.
á
Difference between early
earthÕs and present day atmosphere as pertains to oxygen and ozone layer.
á
Briefly describe the various
theories of the evolution of primitive cells from abiotic materials.
á
Describe the structure of a
bacterial cell.
á
Differentiate between
gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
á
Know how prokaryotes differ
from eukaryotes.
á
List the major types of
metabolism.
á
Discuss the ecological,
environmental and medical importance of the prokaryotes.
á
Describe the differences
between the two major groups of prokaryotes.
á
Explain what a virus is and
how it replicates.
á
Explain the difference between
the lytic and lysogenic cycles
á
Discuss how bacteriophages
and viruses invade living cells.
á
Explain how HIV gains entry
into cells of the human immune system.
á
List a few of the important
disease-causing bacteria and viruses.
á
Describe the origin of the
nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum
á
Describe the evidence that
supports the theory that mitochondria originated as symbiotic aerobic bacteria
and the chloroplasts originated as photosynthetic bacteria in endosymbiotic
events.
á
Understand why sex evolved
and discuss its importance in maintaining genetic diversity.
á
Briefly describe asexual
reproduction, parthenogenses, self-fertilization and cross-fertilization and
how each of these contributed to genetic diversity.
á
Describe the major features
of protists.
á
List the five major
categories of protists and give examples of organisms within each group as
described in lecture.
á
Briefly describe the
characteristics and nutrition modes of fungi.
á
Describe the body arrangement
of a fungus.
á
Know how fungi derive
nutrients by external digestion.
á
Describe the ecological,
medical and commercial importance of fungi.
á
Recognize which group of
algae gave rise to land plants and the nature of the problems this group had to
overcome to live on land.
á
List the adaptations that
evolved in groups of land plants to conserve water and to enable reproduction
on land.
á
Know the characteristics of
the Kingdom Plantae.
á
Know the characteristics
listed in the lecture outline for the mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and
angiosperms.
á
Explain the evolutionary
advances of vascular systems, pollen and seeds as they applied to mosses,
ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms.
á
Explain why mosses are
limited to such a small size.
á
Discuss the advantages and
adaptations of seeds.
á
Discuss how angiosperms that
coevolved with animal pollinators have an advantage over wind-pollinated
angiosperms.
á
Explain the adaptive
significance of fruits.
á
Describe the characteristics
of animals that differentiate them from the other kingdoms of organisms.
á
Name the organism thought to
be ancestral to the animals. Describe the steps that occurred in this process.
á
Be able to characterize
chordates and vertebrates.
á
Know the characteristics of
each of the orders covered.
á
List the problems vertebrates
had to overcome to be able to live on land and explain what evolutionary
adaptations evolved to overcome these problems.
á
Explain the evolutionary
advantage of the amniotic egg.
á
Describe when and from what
group birds evolved, and list their unique traits.
á
Discuss the characteristics
of the major groups of mammals.
á
Describe the adaptations that
support endothermy in mammals and birds.
á
Explain the advantages and disadvantages
of ectothermy vs. endothermy.
á
Describe the group that gave
rise to the primates.
á
List characteristics of the
primates.
á
Identify differences between
New World monkeys and Old World monkeys.
á
Characterize the living apes,
and identify which one is the closest living relative to humans.
á
Discuss the structural
changes to the skeletal system to accommodate bipedalism.
á
Discuss the evolutionary
changes to the hominid skull.
á
Explain the gradual increase
in skull/brain size.
á
Differentiate between Australopithecus and Homo.
á
Know the characteristics or
signifigance of the hominid species in bold type in the lecture outline. Watch for bold links like Homo
floresiensis.
á Be able to explain the difference between the 2 hypotheses on the migration of Homo erectus from Africa.